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Farming First

The SDGs & Me

Farmer Voices on the Post-2015 Development Agenda

BERNADETTE’S STORY

Taking Vegetable Production 2Scale

Benin

Bernadette Sossou, 52 • Grand Popo, Benin • Mixed farming: vegetables
Taking Vegetable Production 2Scale

I would ask the state to set up an agricultural bank to enable growers to own their land.”

Bernadette

The sprinkler irrigation makes my work easier, reduces the cost of production and allows me to expand the land I rent from 3 to 5 hectares.”

Bernadette

For me and for many vegetable growers in Benin, the biggest challenge is access to land.”

Bernadette

52-year-old Bernadette Sossou is a vegetable farmer and member of the of Green Fingers Farmers’ Cooperative (COMADOV) in Grand Popo, Benin. She is the head of her household and mother of six children.

For me and for many vegetable growers in Benin, the biggest challenge is access to land, and to quality inputs, such as seeds and fertilizer. To access fertilizer, farmers must produce cotton, and cotton is almost exclusively men’s business.”

bernadette

The 2SCALE project has been working in the region to provide technical assistance to farmers like Bernadette, to broker partnerships with financial institutions and to identify local businesses able to supply agro-inputs to the community.

Bernadette took part in a 2SCALE training scheme that taught good agricultural practices on a learning plot. She received a credit of 2 million francs, without any guarantee and with a reasonable interest rate of 12% per year. The credit allowed her to grow 1 ha of onion and 1 ha of tomato. By selling her products to merchants that 2SCALE linked her to, she was able to repay the loan and make a profit of nearly 6 million CFA francs. On this new basis of trust with the microfinance institute, this year Bernadette received a credit of 5 million CFA francs, which allowed her to install a sprinkler irrigation system.

“Three or four years ago, I could not imagine such changes,” says Bernadette. “The sprinkler irrigation makes my work easier, reduces the cost of production and allows me to expand the land I rent from 3 to 5 ha. Formerly, my six children and some five other young people from the village were my main workforce. With these modern facilities, work is less strenuous, and my children have more time to devote to their studies.”

“As head of my household, it is with this money that I feed my family. For example, for my eldest son, the university fees are more than 300,000 francs a year. I am not speaking of those who are in high school. I do not count the money that goes into health care. All this comes from this garden. If the land were to be sold to investors to build villas, what would I do?”


Bernadette’s calls to action:

  1. I would ask the state to set up an agricultural bank to enable growers to own their land. Cities are rising and land has become much more expensive; one hectare can cost up to 18 million CFA francs. Banks require collateral, such as a land title before lending us money, but only one out of 100 producers own the land they cultivate.
  2. I would ask the state to work with the private sector to make fertilizer available and accessible to small producers. This fertilizer should be suitable for gardening. Currently, the little fertilizer available on the market is directed to cotton farmers, who are men.
  3. I would ask NGOs to echo our voices at the government level. Without tomatoes, onions and other vegetables that we produce, how can we fight against hunger? The government thinks only about cotton. But the world must know that before thinking about getting dressed, people first think of eating.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by: IFDC

HALIMA’S STORY

How a Good Coffee Crop Can Keep Girls in School

Uganda

Halima Naiga, 40 • Masaka District, Uganda • Mixed farming: bananas and cocoa
How a Good Coffee Crop Can Keep Girls in School

I struggle with coffee wilt disease and twig borer which attack my coffee and reduce the income.”

Halima

The government should support women groups in starting income generating activities.”

Halima

I learn a lot from my village agent who gives me advice on how to make more money and how to get higher yields.”

Halima

Halima Naiga left school when she was seven. “My parents did not want to waste money on educating girls”, she says. Now, Halima is determined to keep her three daughters in school, and she pays for the fees with the money she has made from growing coffee, beans and maize.

The Feed the Future Uganda Commodity Production and Marketing Activity (CPMA) is helping farmers like Halima improve the quality and quantity of their produce. Uganda’s maize, beans, and coffee production systems are largely based on smallholder production, and are characterized by low input and low output. Although roughly 85 per cent of Ugandans earn their income from farming, the country’s agriculture sector has been plagued by poor economic support. Consequently, the sector contributes less than 20 per cent of the country’s gross domestic product, and less than 10 per cent of lending goes to agriculture. Postharvest handling is poor, access to on-farm storage is limited, as is access to markets, market information, and appropriate support services. CPMA is working to address these issues.

Halima used to struggle with coffee wilt disease and twig borer which reduced her income, but thanks to a cooperative savings scheme that CPMA has connected her to, Halima was able to buy inputs to help her fight these pests. “The cooperative has been a great source of respite for me,” she comments.

Receiving help from a CPMA village agent has also been extremely beneficial to Halima.

I also learn a lot from my village agent who gives me advice on how to make more money through inter-cropping and how to get higher yields through better farming methods. For example, the village agent advised me to use organic fertilizers when I couldn’t afford to buy other fertilizers. I would like to get more capital to expand my farm and buy fertilizers”

halima

Halima’s calls to action:

  1. I hope the government will consider giving agricultural loans to us farmers at low interest rates in order to end poverty. Cooperatives like ours need this kind of support.
  2. I hope the government will provide equipment for schools so that children from poor families also have the school materials they need to succeed.
  3. The government should support women groups to start income generating activities. Their capacity should be trained to sustain themselves.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by Chemonics and USAID.

MICHAEL’S STORY

Shaping Up a Shamba with SMS alerts

Kenya

Michael Mwangi, 23 • Karatina, Kenya • Mixed farming: vegetables, pigs
Shaping Up a Shamba with SMS alerts

I am hopeful that the government will give progressive training to model farmers.”

Michael

The cost of farm equipment required by small-scale farmers is rising.”

Michael

iShamba has taught us both a great deal about the effects climate change has on the region; this is something we knew little about.”

Michael

Michael Mwangi, a 23 year-old business student from Karatina in Kenya, works on his parents’ farm (or “shamba”) to pay for his university fees.

I believe that farming is a good way to make money, however you have to think of your farm as a business and treat it so by looking after your money, and spending money where necessary.”

michael

He and his mother are avid watchers of the educational television programme “Shamba Shape Up”. It is a make over style TV show that aims to give both farmers featured and audience members the knowledge they need to improve productivity and income on their farms, by guiding them on exactly where to invest.

Michael and his family have a vegetable patch, and keep 15 pigs and a heifer. They are all too familiar with the challenges farmers on the Shamba Shape Up face.

“The cost of farm equipment required by small scale farmers is rising,” Michael comments. This includes equipment for labour production to fertilizers and agro-feeds for animals. This, in turn, leads to increased costs of production that are passed on to consumers through expensive, unaffordable products. It is difficult to market these products, especially when producers compete with imported products that cost less.

To keep costs down and improve productivity, Michael has joined farmer union, that hires out equipment and provides inputs at a subsidized cost. He has also signed up for the free SMS service “iShamba”, provided by Shamba Shape Up, that gives farmers access to agricultural experts, to ask questions and get advice.

As well as being able to ask questions, subscribers are sent information that is specific to their farm several times a week. “This means that my mother has access experts at the end of her mobile phone when I am away at university, whom she can talk to about our pigs, vegetables and the calf,” Michael says.

“iShamba has taught us both a great deal about the effects climate change has on the region, such as erosion, changing weather patterns, drought and desertification through deforestation,” says Michael. “These are all things we knew little about and are not discussed widely among the farming community or government.”


Michael’s calls to action:

  1. I hope the government and private sector will invest in research and development of better inputs, for increased productivity that will eventually end hunger. This will also show businessmen that the agricultural sector is as fulfilling as any other industrial sector in the economy.
  2. I am hopeful that the government will continue funding savings cooperatives and unions, and giving model farmers progressive training. This knowledge eventually will trickle down to the farmers, leading to better decision making overall, both for the environment we farm and the people who depend on us.
  3. This government should also encourage consumption of local products and rely on food imports less. This will provide a platform to invest in exportation to foreign markets, increasing in revenue for farmers.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by: Shape Up

CHIENG’S STORY

How Fighting Floods Can Double Profits

Cambodia

Chieng Sophat, 42 • Battambang province, Cambodia • Cucumbers and beans
How Fighting Floods Can Double Profits

I hope they improve the education system so that farmers can make better decisions and move out of poverty.”

chieng

Flooding is a serious problem that can wipe out entire crop cycles.”

chieng

Raised planting beds enable crops to develop stronger and larger root systems, in addition to helping prevent soil erosion.”

chieng

Chieng Sophat, a 42 year-old farmer from the Battambang province in Cambodia, grows cucumbers and yardlong beans on a plot of 1,000 square meters. He sells most of his produce on the local market to support his family of five.

Like many Cambodian vegetable farmers, Chieng faces a host of climactic problems.

I’ve been farming since the 1980s, and I’ve always had trouble making money. Flooding is a serious problem that can wipe out entire crop cycles, and it’s one that will only get worse as the effects of global climate change intensify.”

chieng

A recent study has found that Cambodia will see increased temperatures of 0.3-0.8°C and 13-35 per cent more rainfall by 2015.

The programme Cambodia HARVEST has introduced improved techniques and technologies to increase farmer yields and incomes. The programme is based on an intensive extension methodology in which technicians visit their client farmers every week to provide targeted, hands-on technical assistance. These interventions have helped beneficiary households improve their yields by 198 per cent, resulting in income gains of 218 per cent.

Two technologies that have helped Chieng are raised planting beds and plastic mulch. Raised planting beds have enabled Chieng’s crops to develop stronger and larger root systems, in addition to helping prevent soil erosion. Plastic mulch – thin sheets of material that cover raised beds used in combination with drip irrigation – retains soil moisture during the dry season and contributes to improved water management practices. In the rainy season, plastic mulch repels heavy rains and keeps beds intact during floods.

“I’m happy with these new methods,” Chieng said. He has doubled his yields, using the extra income to pay for his children’s school and household improvements.

Chieng’s calls to action:

  1. We need to create solutions with irrigation. The water from the Mekong River can be better managed to store and distribute water to areas with water scarcity.
  2. We need to promote a free market system where there are more buyers for farmers to sell their agricultural products to – and for good prices. In addition, put some limits on vegetable imports from neighbouring countries to encourage domestic farming.
  3. We need to improve the education system so that farmers can make better decisions and move out of poverty. Unfortunately, many Cambodian farmers are very poorly educated.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by Fintrac.

YOVITA’S STORY

Farming the Way Out of Hunger and Poverty

Tanzania

Yovita Kawage, 33 • Iringa, Tanzania • Maize
Farming the Way Out of Hunger and Poverty

I hope the SDGS will improve my access to market opportunities.”

yovita

I have such limited access to market opportunities, it is always difficult with these poor roads.”

yovita
yovita

Yovita is the head of her household, and provides for her daughter, younger sister, and niece. But her dependence on rain-fed agriculture means she has struggled to produce enough maize on her farm to eat and sell.

Since I cannot control the rain, my harvests are fluctuating as they solely depend on rain. That means, if there is not enough rain, I am likely to harvest little or harvest nothing,” she says. “There is nothing that I can do to desist from rain-fed agriculture unless my government intervenes with an irrigation system.”

yovita

But thanks to One Acre Fund’s agricultural programmes, that gives farmers access to financing and training, Yovita is farming her way out of hunger and poverty. Farmers are supplied with hybrid maize seed and fertilizer, agricultural training on the best farming techniques, and market facilitation on credit to help them maximize their crop yields and increase their farm income.

Access to market, to sell her increased amounts of maize, is the top of Yovita’s wish list of things the Sustainable Development Goals could provide. “I have such limited access to market opportunities,” she says. “It is always difficult with these poor roads; infrastructure in my village and transport is so scarce and expensive, so I only sell my crop yields here in my village at the available market.”

“The only choice I have is to sell my harvests at any price in favour of the buyers since they are the ones who set the price.”

Poor access to improved seed and fertilizer were also major problems for Yovita. Most farming inputs that are sold in towns and cities were expensive and did not help her yields. Now, through One Acre Fund, she can apply for loans and buy seed and fertilizer.

With her boosted maize yields and subsequent income, Yovita has been able to send her daughter to school, and build a house for her family to live in.


Yovita’s calls to action:

  1. I hope irrigation systems are introduced, so that I do not depend on the rain-fed agriculture, which makes returns unreliable.
  2. I hope my access to market opportunities improves, so that I am able to make high profits from my agriculture. If I increase my crop yields and I don’t know where I can sell them, I will not be able to make high profits from my products, and thus I will still be a victim of poverty my entire life.
  3. I want to access modern farming technology. This includes access to improved seed and fertilizer, and tractors or power tillers to help me maximize my crop yields and increase my farm income.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by: One Acre Fund

ISMAEL’S STORY

Making Cocoa Count for Latin American Farmers

Nicaragua

Ismael Espinoza López, 39 • Popoyuapa, Rivas, Nicaragua • Fruit
Making Cocoa Count for Latin American Farmers

We have to pay attention to the use of water, it is a valuable resource.”

ISMAEL

When I first arrived in this community, there was so much water that, in the back of the farm, I used to sink to my waist.”

ismael

I installed my own piping and dug two shallow wells to extract water for fumigation, and I am maintaining tanks to collect rainwater.”

ismael

Ismael runs a 17-hectare farm in Nicaragua, with 2,500 dwarf banana plants, 1,000 Criollo cocoa trees, 80 fruit trees, and 1.5 hectares of forest trees. In some respects, he is lucky, because his farm has electrical and phone hook-ups, as well as access to a paved road. But there are problems supplying it with water.

When I first arrived in this community, there was so much water that, in the back of the farm, I used to sink to my waist.”

ismael

The Proyecto Cacaos del Sur, or Southern Cocoa Project, is an initiative run in conjunction with the PIMCO Foundation to increase cocoa production in three provinces of Nicaragua. The programme benefits 250 farmers (the majority of whom are women) and supports these farmers in making the most of their land, and tackle the challenges they are facing, such as flooding in Ismael’s case.

The programme aims to generate income for poor families by giving them the opportunity to produce fine cocoa to sell to national and international buyers. Farmers also generate additional income, and increase local food security, by producing and selling coconuts and other fruits, such as bananas, for local markets. The project identifies fine cocoa trees originally from the region and helps to reproduce them through nurseries. Then, producers plant the cocoa trees, and TechnoServe provides training on an integrated production system that includes fruit cultivation. Thanks to the technical help from TechnoServe, Ismael’s plants and trees are no longer hindered by excess water.

“Now it’s dry. Some of my neighbours are stripping their land just to plant bananas, and sometimes they ask me why my farm is different.”

“To solve the water problem for my home and my plants, I installed my own piping and dug two shallow wells to extract water for fumigation, and I am maintaining tanks to collect rainwater.”

Ismael’s calls to action:

  1. I encourage farmers to use new production techniques, in order to be more productive without damaging the environment. I learned that using environmentally friendly inputs with the crops reduces tree disease and helps us save money. You invest in inputs and you reduce the cost of treating diseases.
  2. I would suggest that the government and others support our operations with loans, so that we can use that money as working capital to invest in our production system.
  3. I think all farmers should pay attention to the use of water, it is a valuable resource and a limited one sometimes.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by Technoserve.

ANWAR’S STORY

Getting Certified to Sell Quality Agri-Products

Bangladesh

Anwar Hosen, 40 • Jheneidah district, Khulna, Bangladesh • Agro dealer
Getting Certified to Sell Quality Agri-Products

Distribution channels need to be more efficient to supply seeds and fertilizer on time.”

anwar

I used to sell products at my shop without any professional training. My sales were at a minimum as I had little expertise on business management.”

anwar
anwar

In Bangladesh, a lack of awareness, availability and use of quality agricultural inputs are badly impacting higher yields of smallholder farmers, their income and food security.

“I used to sell seeds, fertilizers and crop protection products at my shop without any professional training or good knowledge about agro-inputs,” says Anwar Hosen, an agro-dealer from the Jheneidah district, Khulna.

“I did not bother about quality of the products I was selling, let alone giving good suggestions to farmers. My sales were at a minimum as I had little expertise on business management. Farmers sometimes trusted me, sometimes not, in terms of getting good suggestions on purchased inputs or solving minor problems at their fields.”

The Agro-Inputs Project (AIP), is funded by USAID under U.S. Government’s Feed the Future initiative, and works on improving the knowledge, availability, and use of safe, high-quality agricultural inputs by agro-retailers and farmers in southern Bangladesh.

When I came to know about AIRN, I found it useful for building networks and expanding my business with the commitment of promoting quality inputs,” says Anwar.

To increase sales by offering quality inputs and developing an earnest bond with farmers seemed innovative to me. I also learned from the training organized by AIP/AIRN how to maintain records, how to safely organize pesticides and acquired new information to share with farmers.”

anwar

AIP is now training 3,000 networked retailers (including 300 women), who commit to selling quality products as well as to provide improved advice and services to farmers. Members of this network will ultimately serve one million smallholder farmers.

“I trust Anwar as he is certified by CNFA/USAID and is trained enough to guide me with basic information on quality products,” says Jahidul Islam, a farmer who buys from Anwar’s shop. “Even if I face problems in my field he is ready to walk the extra miles to consult with me. I recently followed Anwar’s suggestion while trellising my pointed gourd in the field. His advice helped me take care of the plants while plucking the vegetables. I wish every retailer would sell quality inputs to us like Anwar.”


Anwar’s calls to action:

  1. We need more integrated approach between companies, government and other stakeholders in producing and promoting quality inputs.
  2. The distribution channels need to be more efficient to supply inputs on time.
  3. It is also essential to meet the demand of farmers in terms of greater access to quality products for better yields.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by: CNFA

DANIEL’S STORY

Making Every Acre Matter

United States

Daniel Kelley • Illinois, United States • Corn, soybean
Making Every Acre Matter

Dramatic changes in the size of farm equipment has allowed one person to farm hundreds of acres.”

DANIEL

We are doing on farm research to determine optimum amounts of nutrients to apply and maximize our economic returns.”

daniel

Farmers can help others throughout the world through the exchange of best farming practices.”

daniel

Dan Kelley has been growing corn and soybeans on his family farm in Illinois for decades.

“During my lifetime I have seen corn yields on the same land increase from 125 bushels per acre to over 200 bushels per acre,” he says. “Much of this increase has occurred in the last 15 years due to improvements in seed technology. That coupled with dramatic changes in the size of farm equipment (planters that were 13 feet wide in 1960 are 60 feet or wider today and large tractors used to be 100 horsepower and today they are 450 horsepower or larger) has allowed one person to farm hundreds of acres and thus be among the world’s most efficient producers.”

Dan also attributes the United States’ successful agriculture business on having access to the latest seed technology as well as research information on efficient use of fertilizers, water, and pesticides.

We are also fortunate to have access to markets through roads, rivers, ports, and processors to move our production through the food chain.”

daniel

Dan believes that by linking farmers in the developed world, with those in the developing world through farmer information exchanges, US farmers can pass on their knowledge on successful farming strategies. He recently hosted a delegation of farmers from Uruguay at his Illinois farm.

One major concern in the US currently, is that agriculture must limit its impact on the environment. “When it comes to crop production, every acre matters,” Dan says. “The farmers of the USA have increased production per acre while utilizing not only 21st seed technology but being conscious of environmental concerns. We realize maximizing production on our best soils means that we do not need to crop fragile land that may be forested or highly susceptible to erosion. Many of us are utilizing “filter strips” along creeks and rivers to reduce the amount of soil that might leave the farm.”

Dan’s calls to action:

  1. Independent public research is still important. This is what has lead to successful agricultural production in the US throughout the 20th century.
  2. Farmers can help others throughout the world through the exchange of best farming practices. However, we must recognize cultural and sometimes governmental differences that are challenges in the successful adoption of some practices.
  3. Good quality soils and adequate supplies of fertilizers delivered through an efficient network of cooperatives and independent dealers are crucial. So is on farm research to determine optimum amounts of nutrients to apply and maximize our economic returns. We believe in the 4Rs when applying nutrients-the right product, the right rate, the right time, and the right place.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by American Farm Bureau Federation.

ANNMARIE’S STORY

Feeding a Family of 17 with Climate-Smart Seeds

Burkina Faso

Annmarie Venegba, 67 • Zombrebonghin village, Burkina Faso • Vegetables, horticulture
Feeding a Family of 17 with Climate-Smart Seeds

The new goals must support women, because at present the men in our communities receive most of the help.”

annmarie

There is a problem with rainfall. Things have changed from when I was young.”

annmarie
annmarie

Annmarie is the chairperson of a 57 strong irrigated vegetable production group in Zombrebonghin village, Burkina Faso. She is the head of her household since she was widowed nine years ago, and cares for 12 young grandchildren, nieces and nephews.

My day to day work as a farmer is producing millet, maize, sesame and vegetables, but the amount of land that I have is too little to produce the food we need. There is a problem with rainfall. Things have changed from when I was young. There is no longer enough rain, and the two hectares I have is not enough to feed 17 people in the household.”

annmarie

Self Help Africa has been working with farmers in Annmarie’s village, to diversify their food production, establish sustainable on and off-farm small businesses, and assist them to mitigate the effects of global warming by adopting climate smart farming techniques.

A hand-dug well was excavated in the village to provide the group with water for irrigation, and drip-kits were installed to optimise the use of the water. This meant that the farmers were less reliant on rainfall.

The gardening group in Zombrebonghin also received equipment, including wheelbarrows, spades and hoes to assist them in their work, and were provided with drought tolerant cereal seed to help them to increase their yields, and diversify their production to include new crops, including groundnut.

“Last year I used money I earned from our garden to build a new house in our compound,” says Annmarie. “It was the second new house we have built in the past few years, and has given us more space for everyone to sleep. It also has a tin-roof, and means that we won’t have to replace the grass roof every few years. I hope in the future to have the money to send a few of the children who have not had an education, to school.”


Annmarie’s calls to action:

  1. We need better quality seed to end hunger. We need seeds that will grow over a short cycle and does not depend as much on rainfall. Expecting our crops to survive for four months in the ground is risky. If we had crops that would mature and could be harvested after two and a half or three months it would reduce our vulnerability a lot.
  2. The new goals that are being talked about must look to support women. At present the men in our communities receive most of the help, and the women are ignored. Women are important in village life. They do a lot of the work on the farm, and also take responsibility for the children and the sick, and make sure that all of the family has food to eat.
  3. Help needs to be extended to all – whether it comes from the international community, from our government and ministry of agriculture, or from the NGO community. Currently, I am fortunate. I receive help with my farm work, but there are thousands of others in Burkina Faso who struggle.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by: Self Help Africa

ALPHA’S STORY

Taking Farming Online

KENYA

Alphaxrd Gitau Ndungu, 24 • Kiambu, Kenya • Dairy and poultry
Taking Farming Online

I hope my government will seek out international partnerships to enhance technological development.”

ALPHA

Most farmers lack easy access to critical information such as disease outbreaks, different inputs available and their prices.”

ALPHA

The internet has given me access to various platforms where I acquire knowledge, and network with other farmers.”

ALPHA

Contrary to the belief that agriculture is for the uneducated, 24 year old Alpha is a graduate of economics from the University of Nairobi. He chose to use his education to grow his farming business and work on youth development and empowerment projects.

“Growing up I always wanted to practise agriculture better than my dad did. As a young kid I used to plant my own vegetables. Whenever my dad would sell his vegetables, he would also sell the ones I grew as well. And then I would get the money which I saved or used for my needs,” he says.

As the manager of Alpham Fresh farm, Alpha keeps dairy cows, poultry and cultivates horticultural crops organically. Alpha has big dreams for his business; he wants it to grow into one of the leading agri-products companies in his county of Kiambu and even the country.

According to Alpha, the three biggest challenges African farmers like him face, are access to finance, technical support and information.

Agriculture is a capital intensive venture and therefore requires sources of access to finances for expansion of the business. This has been difficult because financial institutions are charging high interest rates.”

ALPHA

“It is also difficult to access extension services, veterinary services among others. Finally, most farmers lack easy access to critical information such as disease outbreaks, prices of inputs and different inputs available.”

But teaming up with other farmers in the area, and getting online, have both changed the way that Alpha works.

“The internet has given me access to various platforms where I acquire knowledge and I am also able network with other farmers. Also, joining farmer associations has helped me a great deal. It has helped me to overcome the challenges of access to finances. Now that I am part of a savings in the group, I can access veterinary services from a veterinary doctor that is sourced and paid for by the group, as well as cheaper access to farm inputs sourced by the group.”

Alpha’s calls to action:

  1. Build communities that are resilient to climate change through resource mobilisation and policy frameworks to support livelihoods projects amongst the community members.
  2. Increase investments into agricultural development to enhance proper extension services, agricultural research, technological development, food productivity, rural infrastructure, plant and livestock improvement as well as access to financial support to small scale farmers for expansion.
  3. Increase international partnership efforts to combat effects of climate change such as floods and drought.

SDGs COVERED:

Case study prepared by YPARD.